HADIS TENTANG LINGKUNGAN HIDUP: STUDI KRITIS TERHADAP PENAFSIRAN TRADISIONAL DAN KONTEMPORER

Abstract

Environmental degradation has become one of the greatest challenges facing humanity in the modern era. In the Islamic context, the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) preserve a rich normative heritage concerning environmental ethics, including prohibitions against environmental destruction, encouragement to plant trees, management of water resources, and human responsibility as stewards (khalīfah) on earth. However, the understanding of environmental hadiths has often been confined to traditional interpretations that are predominantly normative and textual, and have not been fully contextualized in relation to contemporary ecological problems. This article aims to examine hadiths on the environment through a critical study of traditional and contemporary interpretations. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach, utilizing primary sources in the form of classical hadith compilations as well as works by contemporary Muslim scholars and thinkers. The findings indicate that traditional interpretations tend to place environmental hadiths within the framework of individual morality, whereas contemporary interpretations seek to develop their meanings in a more structural and ecological manner by taking into account the maqāṣid al-sharīʿah and the challenges of the global environmental crisis. This article emphasizes the importance of integrating textual and contextual approaches in understanding environmental hadiths so that Islamic teachings can contribute significantly to the development of sustainable ecological ethics and awareness.